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自我血糖監測的重要性

為什麼要測試血糖?

要有效控制血糖,病者必須明白除胰島素功能外,影響血糖的變數甚多,其中包括食物(份量、質量、進食時間)、運動(持續性、消耗量、種類)、生病、體重、情緒(失眠、焦躁、憂慮)。故病人要掌握控制血糖之道,必須從醫護人員中學習影響血糖變數的基本知識,然後利用自我血糖測試,了解個人生活的各種小節對血糖的影響,從而改變生活方式,以達至理想的血糖控制。

自我血糖測試 — 糖尿病護理的里程碑

糖尿病護理的研究發展過程中,具有三項重要的里程碑;一是胰島素的發現,二是血糖水平控制指標的有效測試,其中包括糖化血紅(HbA1c)及自我血糖測試,三是利用大型臨床研究來證明長期理想血糖控制能有效減低併發症的產生。

A hormone produced in the beta cells in the pancreas. The body uses insulin to let glucose enter cells, where it is used for energy.

Now known as type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas produces no insulin or extremely small amounts. People with type 1 need to take insulin injections in order to live.

Now known as type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas produces no insulin or extremely small amounts. People with type 1 need to take insulin injections in order to live.

DCCT 研究報告

DCCT 研究報告

於一九九三年美國國家旔康機構 the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease 發表了一篇關於糖尿病一型之十年研究報告 – 控制糖尿病及其併發症研究 “The Diabetes Control and Complication Trial” (DCCT)。

結果顯示,長期控制血糖於理想水平,能有效減低及延遲各類糖尿病併發症發生的惡化之機會。

併發症 減低病變機會率 阻慢惡化率
視網膜病變 76% 54%
腎病 ~ 40% 50%
神經線疾病 60% /

Reference :
1 The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of longterm complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellius. The New England Journal of Medicine 1993;329:977-986.
2 National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel. Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Arch Intern Med 1988; 148:36-69.
3 Consensus Conference. Lowering blood cholesterol to prevent heart disease. J Am Med Ass 1985;253:2080-6.

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